Updated Border Encroachment and Dispute of Nepal- 2013

Updated Border encroachment, conflict and dispute

   of  Nepal with two neighbouring countries- 2013

          There are 75 districts in Nepal. Among them 26 districts have been adjoined with the southern neighbour- India. Likewise, 15 districts have been bordered with the northern neighbour- China. Two districts are common to both neighbours.

            Length of the Nepal-India and Nepal-China borderline has been computed as 1,880 kilometres and 1,439.18 kilometres respectively.

            There are encroachments, disputes, conflicts, claims and counter-claims in 71 spots and its total area is 60,662 hectare of land in 23 districts along Nepal-India border. Most of these are related to cross-holding occupation by the people of the other frontier. Dhanusha, Baitadi and Dadeldhura are dispute free districts.

            Ten years ago, total number of such encroachments and disputes had been 53 spots and its area was 60,000 hectare in 21 districts. Now it shows that18 disputed spots have been increased with additional 662 hectare of land and 2 more districts within a period of last ten years.

            So far as the northern neighbour or China is concerned, two border issues have been emerged for the last six years. One of them is located at north of Lapchigaun in Lamabagar area of Dolakha district. There is a controversy on the location of Border Marker Number 57. Disputed area consists of 6 hectares of land.

            The second issue is the height of Sagarmatha (Mount Everest). China has proposed and forced to write the height as 8844.43 metre on the Nepal-China Strip-map. But Nepal is firm to mention the traditional height as 8848 metre. China has pressed to take the rock height of Quomulungma (Mount Everest). In contrary, Nepal has pleaded to take the snow height, as the snow height has been maintained for all the mountains of the world. So the issues have been entangled and stranded.

  The detail of the unresolved spots and pockets of Nepal-India and Nepal-China border have been tabulated as below:

 

Number of disputes / encroach- ment	Name of district	Municipality/ VDC- Ward Number	Spots of disputes, conflicts and encroachment	Area in hectare (approximately)	Encroached date (approx)
1	Darchula	Byas- 1 and 2	Kalapani-Limpiyadhura (encroached during India-China border war)*◊	37,000	November 1962
2	Kanchanpur	Bhimdatta Municipality-9	Khalla Masita of western Brahmadevmandi and portion of Siddhanath temple×	15	1972
3	Kanchanpur	Bhimdatta Municipality-10	West of Brahmadev Bazar (east of Tanakpur Barrage or area of submerged boundary pillar 2 and 3 and portion of Tanakpur afflux bund**	222	December 1991
4	Kanchanpur	Bhimdatta Municipality- 11	The land to be obtained on the exchange of land, given by Nepal to construct the Sharada Barrage*	15	1928
5	Kanchanpur	Bhimdatta Municipality- 11	Land from Banabasa embankment to the canal of Gadda Chauki×	30	1979
6	Kanchanpur	Rauteli Bichawa, Jhilimili	Various spots of Suklaphanta wildlife conservation area and near to missing  boundary pillar (BP) number 229*	330	2001
7	Kanchanpur	Rampur Bilaspur-1	Portion of Bhuda village, Patalchula Nala and portion of Pachue village×	14	1978
8	Kanchanpur	Laxmipu-5	30 meter wide strip, south of Fatiya Gaon, near to BP- 200**	3	2007
9	Kanchanpur	Tribhuvanbasti-4	Kankadi Tal area near to the origin of Suheli Nala (Brook) i.e. land of  Karna Bahadur Sunar, Nika Nepali and Man Bahadur Sunar**	2	2007
10	Kanchanpur	Parasan-7, 8, 9	Pyara Tal (Nala) area (individual and government land from southern portion of Pyara Tal to fallen BP-195 and 6.6 hectare land belonged by Bichfanta National Secondary School)**	980	1978, 2003, 2005 and 2006
11	Kailali	Fulbari-	Forest area cut by Indian (course changed by Mohana river area located south of Fulbari village)**	5	2000
12	Kailali	Lalbojhi-8	Kauwakheda area (land of 25 families including Pratap Singh Saud)*	212	2004
13	Kailali	Bhajani-9	Kusumghat area (land of 48 persons including Biru Bika)*	39	3 January 2005
14	Bardiya	Rajapur-	South of Rajapur settlement area near to the eastern branch of Karnali River*	10	21 august 2006
15	Bardiya	Bhimapur-	Disputed area regarding present and the then course of Nakuwa Nala (brook)×	10	1983
16	Bardiya	Khairi Chandanpur-	South of Khairi village located near to the bank of Geruwa River*	4
17	Bardiya	Gulariya Municipality- 4, 9, 10	Chaugurji area in between old BP- 63 and 64; and the land east of Thapuwa*	7
18	Bankay	Holiya- 8, 9	Holiya area, located west of River Rapti and the land located north-west of BP- 19**	42	2001
19	Bankay	Narainapur-	Kerbariya Nala area located south of Narayanpur and north-west of Ghordhoriya×	9	2006
20	Dang	Koilabas-2	Along the road from Koilabas Bazar to India and the land adjoined to BP- 39/600**	25	1983
21	Kapilbastu	Krishnanagar-	Krishnanagar Bazar in the northern portion of No-man’s land of BP- 67/1*	1
22	Rupandehi	Ajma-	Marchawar area (South of Ajma settlement and west of Dano River along BP- 30)*	50	1999
23	Rupandehi	Siddhartha Nagar Municipality-	Belhiya border crossing area (Indians have constructed huts and houses along 10 meter wide strip)*	5
24	Nawalparasi	Susta- 1 to 4 and 6 to 9	As the river Narayani changed its course towards Nepal frontier, Indians have encroached the river left over area*◊	14,500	1845, 1941, 1954, 1964, 1975, 1986 and 2008
25	Chitawan	Rastriya Nikunja-	East of Tribenighat and south of Balmiki Ashram that Indians cut the forest and encroached the land*	170	1979
26	Chitawan	Madi Kalyanpur-	Portion of Madichure along Dara Nala**	4
27	Parsa	Thori (Nayabasti)-	Thute Khola, Thute Khola, South-east of Thori Bazar and Thori River and the area where  BP- 64 was washed away by the river**	70	1995, 2010
28	Parsa	Janaki Tola-9	Western part of Dasauta village (from BP- 419/20 to 420/13)××	7	June 2009
29	Parsa	Mahadevpatti- 6	Laxmipur Pipra area (south of the road which leads to Jaya Mangalpur)×	135	July 2009
30	Parsa	Birganj Municipality-	East of Customs office near to Ahir Tola and BP- 390 along Sirsiya River*	10
31	Parsa	Birganj Municipality-19	Chamar Tola of Inarwa near Miteri bridge (old Junge Pillar 33 to 35 were not recognized as main boundary pillar)**	6	February 2002
32	Parsa	Birganj Municipality-6	Portion of the 27.71 Acres of land from Miteri Bridge to Prewo Tola, bought by Nepal Government Transport Corporation from India on 29 June 1924×	5	1990
33	Bara	Dakchhin Jhitkaiya-6, 8	West of Katihariya and Fulbariya and east of Pasaha River adjoined with No-man’s land of BP381/31**	30	2003
34	Rautahat	Jokaha-7	Southern portion of Jamuna Jayanagar village that Indians cut the forest trees×	15
35	Sarlahi	Tribhuvan Nagar-	Tribhuvan settlement area located east of Jhim River, 70 metre wide strip from BP- 25 to 35, 38 and 39**	4
36	Sarlahi	Narayanpur-	Portion of Sangrampur village located at west of Hardi River**	8	1980
37	Mahottari	Samsi-	Portion of Kanawa Haat Bazar area. located west of Samsi Bazar area and east of BP- 313/3**	5
38	Mahottari	Siswa Kataiya-	West of Siswa Katiya settlement (original BP- 11 shifted to 50 metre north)**	9	2001
39	Siraha	Madar-	Inarwa Tola of Madar and southern portion of Chandraganj (southern area of the road from Siraha Bazar to Indian frontier)×	7
40	Siraha	Inarwa-	Western portion of Thandi and Bhati Balan River (land along the road from Thandi village to India)×	4
41	Saptari	Deuri-	Suwarnapatti area ( 50 meter wide strip along the river Kharag, shifting the pillar to Nepal side)×	40
42	Saptari	Baniyani-	Bardahi village area, near to Bhutahidhar river**	14
43	Saptari	Chhinnamasta-3	Near to Balarampur, south of Sakhada Bhagawati temple*	10
44	Saptari	Lalapatti-	Govindapur area (shifted Junge BP 60 to 100 metre towards Nepal*	33
45	Saptari	Tilathi-	Kunauli area Nepal’s government fallow land along the road from Kunauli to Nirmali Railway Station (demolished BP- 223/13)*	40
46	Saptari	Gobargadha-	Various spots from Bishnupur to Shivanagar area**	8
47	Saptari	Gobargadha-	Southern area of Gobargadha (west of River Koshi and south of Gobargadha)*	30
48	Sunsari	Hariharpur-9	Bhantabari-Kataiya ( 500 metre east of Koshi Barrage and south of East-West Highway, where there was a border wooden gate previously)**	15	1982
49	Sunsari	Kaptanganj-	Portion of Shivaganj and Pakariya×	8
50	Sunsari	Sahebganj-	South of Sahebganj habitation and west of Katlaha River×	20
51	Morang	Biratnagar Sub-metropolitan City- 20	Part of Budhnagar, near to industrial area of Rani Jogbani border*	7	March 1999
52	Morang	Rangeli-	Wouka and Chopraha inhabitation near to the road to India from Rangeli Bazar×	13
53	Morang	Bardanga-	Part of Doriya located at east of Sonapur settlement and east of Bakraha (Luna) River*	15
54	Jhapa	Korobari-2, 4	Cultivated land of 33 families of Korobari area, shifting BP-140*	41
55	Jhapa	Pathamari-	Near to Pathamari village located west of River Mechi (Sub-Customs Office and some cultivated land)*	10
56	Jhapa	Maheshpur-2	Encroached east of Dol Gaun and India planned Indira Housing Project*	10	March 2000
57	Jhapa	Bhadrapur Municipality-	Eastern portion of Bhadrapur School playground that leads to Galgaliya railway station of India (degraded the status of Junge main boundary pillar PP-1 to reference pillar)**	27	1994
58	Jhapa	Jyamirgadhi- 1, 2	Kalikhajar area, lands of Jetha Rai, Pradip Karki, Ishwsori Rai have been encroached+	10	12 November 2011
59	Jhapa	Mechinagar Municipality-11	Bhansa Khola (Upreti village) at Kankarbhitta area, located at the western bank of River Mechi and encroached 67 metre span of Mechi Bridge*	41	December 2006
60	Jhapa	Mechinagar Municipality-	Nakalbanda area consisting of Madanjot and Warisjot, shifting the BP-46 to Nepal side×	15
61	Jhapa	Bahundangi-	Patapur of Tiring located north of Bahundangi habitation**	20	1940
62	Ilam	Shree Antu-8	Gufapatal area encroached by Indian Forest Office and Chhabbise area encroached by Jawahar Nawodaya School of India**	9	1981
63	Ilam	Pashupatinagar-4, 5, 9	Phatak area encroached by Indian Customs and Police Post building; and 240 sq mtr vacant land. SSB 29th Battalion encroached Hile Penal area and Pul Khola area.  India constructed graveyard and Buddhist Monastery near Simana Bazar of Nepal. Indians encroached Panch Mile area and also six homes of Nepali at Hile Bhajyang, including government Sub-Customs Office**	15	2004, 2008 and 2010
64	Ilam	Gorkhe-9	Manebhanjyang Simana Bazar area and foot trail- road of Gairibas area**	4	2005
65	Ilam	Maimajuwa-	Sandakpur hill top and 12 kilometre strip of Meghma-Tumling-Kalpokhari area**	54
66	Panchthar	Prangbung- 6	Portion of Aahal Gairi area and Aahale Bhanjyang**	14	2006
67	Panchthar	Chyangthapu-	Chiya Bhanjyang Singhalila range to Kabru and Talung. (Border line shifted to western side, ignoring the highest watershed, from Phalut to Kabru and Talung)×	4,100	2003, 2004
68	Taplejung	Timbuk Pokhari-	Eastern hill of Timbuk Pokhari that encroached the watershed area by constructing Singhalila Park*	400
69	Taplejung	Kalikhola-	Eastern portion of the origin of  river Kabeli Khola and Lamay Khola×	800
70	Taplejung	Yamphudin-	Eastern portion of Kabru area, taking the border as the lower watershed range×	600
71	Taplejung	Lelep	Part of Tumling habitation (the area east of Lelep and Yamphudin Village Development Committees××	220
A	Dolakha	Lamabagar	North of Lapchigaun, controversy on the location of Border Marker Number 57 with China.•	6	February 2007
B	Solukhumbu	Sagarmatha	Controversy on the height of Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) with China. China proposed its height as 8844.43 metre but Nepal is firm on the traditional height as 8848 metre.++	Height conflict	February 2007

*    Survey Department (21 April 2009), Brief Account on Nepal-India and Nepal-China Boundary

      Surveying-Mapping (Briefing to IRHR Committee members), Kathmandu

◊    wikipedia.org/wiki/kalapani/susta

**  Study Tour Report on Nepal-India Border Issues, (Vol. I-IV, April-May-July-August 2010),

      Constitution Assembly, International Relations and Human Rights Committee, Kathmandu.

×      Dr. Shastra Dutta Pant (2006) Nepal-India Border Problems, Kathmandu, pp 36, 45, 51.

××   Chetendra Jung Himali (2002) Mahakaliwari Mahakalipari (Nepali), Kathmandu, pp 65-66.

+    Republica Daily, 14 November 2011. 

++  Republica Daily, 10 April 2010.

•    Kantipur Daily, 31 August 2009.

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